Essay on The Medieval knight and Chivalry - 1383 Words

The Medieval Knight and Chivalry The Medieval knight followed a strict and detailed Code of Chivalry, which dictated his lifestyles and actions throughout the medieval ages. A man went through a lot to become a knight. The training took years and it was very tedious at times. â€Å"The obligations of knighthood were so heavy that sometimes squires refused knighthood and remained squires all their lives†(Buehr 33). After all the years of training, one day made it all worthwhile. The knighting ceremony was very involved, solemn and religious. The night before, the soon-to-be knight knelt on an altar praying to God and reflecting on his future knighthood. The next day, he was clothed all in white. He attended a mass where he made his vows. He†¦show more content†¦The fifth was courage: knights often had to choose the harder paths of life, the one that would cost them. Therefore, a knight was to be prepared to make personal sacrifices in order to serve those he was loyal to. Also, a knight was to seek wi sdom. Courage also involved unconditionally taking the side of truth, not seeking the convenient lie. They were to seek the truth whenever possible, having to remember to mix justice with mercy, if they did not, the pure truth may bring grief. â€Å"Knight-errantry involved many discomforts, but a true knight had been taught to face them with gaiety of heart†(Mills 160). The sixth basis of the code was faith: a knight was to have faith in his beliefs; faith entrenched him and gave him hope against the misery which failure created. The seventh was humility: a knight was to value others contributions, not boasting of their own accomplishments. They were to let others value their accomplishments for them. A knight told of other’s deeds before they told of their own, giving everyone the fame they had earned through these deeds. The eighth facet to knighthood was largesse: knights were expected to be as generous as they possibly could. This made sure that a knight was not gluttonous. Largesse also made the path of mercy easier to continue following when a difficult decision of justice came about. The ninth was nobility: a knight was to seek great statureShow MoreRelatedMedieval Chivalry Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesEach different aspect of the code of chivalry held a separate role in society. Whether it be religious or barbaric, chivalry tended to hold a moral guideline among those who followed it. This moral guideline held them true to their duties to man, God, and women (Sex, Society, and Medieval Women). All of which are reflected in the three themes of Chivalry: Warrior chivalry, religious chivalry, and courtly love chivalry (Sex, Society, and Medieval Women). These three hold their individual roles, allRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales, written by Chaucer, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, written by an1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canterbury Tales, written by Chaucer, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, written by an anonymous author, are both sophisticated fourteenth-century examples of medieval romance. Medieval romances captured the heart of their audiences as narratives and stories that featured a protagonist, often a knight, and dealt with religious allegories, chivalry, courtly love, and heroic epics. The concept of the knight emerged from the remnants of the Anglo-saxon literature and ideals and influence of theRead MoreThe Ideals Of Knighthood And Chivalry946 Words   |  4 PagesThe Development of the Ideals of Knighthood and Chivalry in Medieval Europe Centuries after the fall of the Roman empire and decades of invasion and violence by the Vikings, North Africans and Magyars, had resulted to a turbulent and violent period spanning several generations in Europe. From this unstable period a warrior society that revolved around castles and rule through arbitrary violence emerged throughout Europe as feudalism. The conflict of outside forces caused a revolution of public justiceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Sir Gawain And The Green Knight804 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many elements that are used to classify medieval literature. Beside the obvious association to the medieval time period, the writings contain unique aspects that create the iconic medieval tale. Characters within medieval romances are larger-than-life, courageous, and noble. The people of the Middle Ages openly received each of these traits, because of the importance they put on acts of nobility and chivalry. The themes of medieval stories were based on beliefs or i deas, expressed by theRead MoreThe Canterbury Tales By Geoffrey Chaucer1073 Words   |  5 Pagesthe first character introduced was the knight. Geoffrey Chaucer depicts the knight correctly by characterizing him as a chivalrous and honorable man, which contrasted him from the rest who had bad behaviors and that he was a heroic figure. The prologue began with the descriptions of the knight that showed how such a perfect and heroic man he was. It was seen when Chaucer wrote, â€Å"who from the day on which he first began to ride abroad had followed chivalry, truth, honor, generousness and courtesy†Read MoreJason Mack. Ms. Davis. English I. 24 April 2017. The Honor896 Words   |  4 PagesJason Mack Ms. Davis English I 24 April 2017 The Honor of Sir Galahad The knights of King Arthur’s time were not only brave, but they were righteous, gallant, and faithful. In King Arthur’s time, chivalry was everything. Knights were expected to do battle, be religious, and be respectful to women. One such knight was Sir Galahad. He was the son of Lancelot and Elaine of Corbenic and became a knight at King Arthur’s Round Table. The story of Sir Galahad was shared in The Quest of the Holy Grail fromRead MoreThe Middle Ages : Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1742 Words   |  7 PagesGawain and the Green Knight was written in the thirteenth and fourteenth century, along with Morte D’Arthur. Both medieval epics exemplify bravery and courage as their themes. â€Å"The only universal European institution during the Medieval Era was the Catholic Church which had all the local power within the local bishops† (Sagona). The church saw itself as the only spiritual place of Christian believers, thus it had a large amount of influ ence on Medieval people, including knights. Christian roles andRead MoreKnighthood And Chivalry In The Green Knight And Le Morte DArthur1055 Words   |  5 Pages In Medieval Time, knighthood and chivalry were very important. In their society, knights played a major role. Knights made sure that the towns were protected, and made sure everyone stayed safe including the King. Knights also had a system to follow which contained religious, moral, and social code-this system was named Chivalry. If you were considered as a knight, you had to follow this system at all times. Some acts that were included in chivalry was loyalty, honor, courage, and courtesy. ManyRead MoreChanges to Knighthood throughout the Years942 Words   |  4 Pagesand morals. The original medieval nights were originally servants who kept their lords lands after they served in their lords armies. With time christian values were added to knighthood â€Å"involving respect for the church, protection of the poor and the weak, loyalty to one’s feudal or military superiors, and preservation of personal honour† (Knight 3). These became known as the knights orders they followed to achieve greatness. The first recognized group of knights evolved during the CrusadesRead MoreKnights Of The Middle Ages1531 Words   |  7 Pages Knights of The Middle Ages The broad-shouldered and muscular knight stood before his king, ready to take fealty. His sword glistened from being wiped clean of battle. The knight was well-known and honored throughout the kingdom. These males made different vows to protect their country. There were ceremonies for these oaths. They had special clothing for battle and everyday living. Part of this was do to the codes of chivalry. Chivalry has been around for centuries. Knights like those of the middle

Foreign affair essay Free Essays

It shouldn’t matter if those people live across the globe. As long as they are human, they should be treated with respect because everyone is created with equal amount of rights and no one can take them away. If we don’t made any decision to end this type of camp in North Korea, there will be more people that will be torture and slaughter. We will write a custom essay sample on Foreign affair essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Conservatives said that we should stay away from foreign affair due to the fact that we have our own problems. So we need to mind our own business before sticking our nose into other country. They want to let foreign country to solve their own problems. For example, we have our own people that are struggling financially like people living on the street and people that are jobless. They argues that these funds that goes into helping other country comes from American citizens, so logically it should be used for American citizens and not other country. It’s like if Andy gives Jon a piece of candy, shouldn’t Jon gives Andy something back in the future? They also suggest that since we are already in a huge debt, so why bother to increase it even more? Also what if all other countries are getting aired of waiting for their money and on top of that they see us giving money away. Of course they will get even more mad thinking that we are pushing their limits. While it’s needlessly to say that all of those arguments aren’t true, I want to point out a couple of things. First, even though we have our own problems we needs to solve, the fact remains that nothing can be ever done in a day. What mean by that is that America already is trying to help the homeless people. There are churches and charity organizations that help homeless people. The government also has programs that help out poor people. For example, food drives, food stamp, and homeless assistance program. Plus some of these people are just lazy; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration estimates that 25 % of homeless people are drug abuser, they need to realize they have choice in American, they can choose to get a job(SHAMS Survey). Also, this issue can be compared to bullying. Bullying is currently a major issue. We have campaigns around the nation that are trying to stop bullying with the reason being that the victims can’t solve it by themselves. These campaign aims for everyone to participate to stopping lulling. And if anyone knows what somebody is getting bully then we needs to step in and help the victim. With that being said, if we stay with the thinking of â€Å"mind out own business† or â€Å"let them solve it on their self†, we are being a huge hypocrite because even though we are not related to those foreign country, we still share one similarity. That similarity is that there is human living inside of all those country and we are all created equal. So it’s very self- explanatory if we see one of us struggling then we should help out one another. And it’s not like country like North Korea can solve it them self either, the whole country is brainwashed into thinking that Kim Gong UN is the greatest. So why would anyone dare to stand up against their own role model. Second is that the opposite view also argue that the funding that goes into aiding another country comes from American citizens, so therefore it needs to be use on American citizens. While that seems very logical, they didn’t use our constitution to the fullest. If that’s is the case then why don’t we let American citizens decide whether or not if they want their tax money goes onto foreign affair. So before We do anything with their tax We ask them to vote on whether or not if they want to put their money down. One of the long standing issues we have in America is debt. The conservative believes that we might increase our debt by intervening with other country. But if we don’t, then communism country like North Korea might spread even more. And we already dislike communism to the fullest already, so don’t feel like we should just stand and watch. What if communism spread throughout the world and we are the only democracy county. Then eventually we will fall to communism as well. So if we do participate in foreign affair, we can help them build up a better government and establish more foreign trade. Therefore, instead of looking it as dumping money away, we should see this as an opportunity as an investment. It might even improve the trade market and reduce our debts. My view on this topic should be very clear by now, but I want to talk about the real reasons I support protecting human rights in North Korea. Perhaps people don’t know about the situation in North Korea, that’s why am here to explain what really goes down in the harsh prison camps in North Korea. First of all, some of the prisoners that are in the camp don’t even belong in there. They are sentence there because they are related to the political enemies of North Korea. By doing this, North Korea aims to get rid of everybody that doesn’t agree with their government Doesn’t this sound familiar? The Answer is yes. This is exact same principle, Hitler and his Nazi group followed, that â€Å"killed over 6 million of Jews in the holocaust. â€Å"(Rosenberg). This principle is not only illogical, but also heartbreaking. Innocent people including children are being punished without committing a crime but because of the communism’s leader hatred beliefs. According to my experience, every time when we mention the Holocaust in history class it will always brings a gloomy feeling to the room whether you are Jews or not. And if was to ask anyone if they had the power to get rid of the Holocaust, they all would want to. Then I can’t understand why anyone wouldn’t want to stop this type of madness. It’s the same thing but a different country. The other thing is that those prisoners re tortured, killed, and treated like animals. People’s finger is chop off with the reason being accidentally dropped something. Kids are hit with a club until they are unconscious or dead if they didn’t obey the rules. The prison guard would treat woman like they are animals, forcing them to do things that are explicit and shameful. â€Å"Many prisoners are beaten to dead and executed for stress relief. â€Å"(Adams). All these things lower their morality and turn those people into a beast with no sense of humanity. I have made my point to argue that America should step in and help a brother out. At the end of that day, we are all human, living on the same planet, eat the same food, and share a same goal. In Conclusion, America should participate in foreign affair to stop human right abuses. I understand that by doing this, we will lose resources and receive criticisms. Of course, everything comes with a price. But I strongly believe that the gain will over weigh the loss. I believe that it bring peace and prosperity to the world. This is a step ladder to world peace, even though it seen impossible to achieve, hopefully someday we will all comes to realization hat life is short and we need to make better use of our life. How to cite Foreign affair essay, Essays

Anti-Integrin Therapy-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss abou the Anti-integrin therapy to dampen Inflammation and reduce scar formation. Answer: Anti- integrin therapy is being widely used by the scientists and the researchers presently. It is being used in treating several types of diseases such as cancer and help in the survival of human beings. Integrin proteins expressed on both endothelial and tumor cells and hence it helps in mainly three activities such as antiangiogenesis; anti-invasion; and anti-tumor.Anti- integrin therapy is also used in curing individuals suffering from including multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. Alpha4beta1 (very late antigen-4) and alphaLbeta2 (leucocyte function-associated antigen-1) integrins have important roles in other immune processes such as including the formation of the immune synapse and the differentiation of T helper 1 lymphocytes.It is very painful for the individuals who suffer from scarring in excess that results from resulting from burns, scalds and several other injuries.It leads to both physically and psychological effects in them.Presently we do no t have any licensed drugs that prevent or reduce the formation of scar.Inflammation plays a significant role in the normal of wound healing process.It has been observed that it does not require infection to occur. But if the inflammation is prolonged, it does not lead to the healing of wound (Mosli, Rivera-Nieves and Feagan 2014). Inflammation in excess plays a significant role in the formation of scar in which the level of inflammation in an acute wound will determine the extent to which fibrosis and scarring would occur. It has been observed through several research experiments that unfavourable effects of repair in the tissues including fibrosis and the formation of scar occurs due inflammation that is associated with macrophages. According to the experiments, wounds that do not have or have low numbers of macrophages have experienced reduced fibrosis and scarring as compared to wild-type mice.Targeted depletion of macrophages during the early inflammatory stage (days 0-5) of healing resulted in scarring to a minimum level in a mouse model.According to these results it can be suggested that reducing the numbers of macrophages and early inflammation (day 2-5) could potentially reduce the formation of scars. Macrophages are immune cells that play a significant role in regulating the formation of scars. They enter the wound as a monocyte 2 days after the injury occurs.There are a few proteins known as surface integrins that play an important role for the migration of monocytes into sites of inflammation and injury. Integrins are adhesion receptors and consist of two subunits, that help in mediating the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. These interactions are important for the adhesion and migration of the cell. There are different types of integrins and are expressed in a different manner. Integrins such as D2, M2, Xto, L2 and E7 are specific two leukocytes. Integrins act as excellent therapeutic targets since their ligand-binding domain is exposed to the extracellular milieu and they can be inhibited through pharmacological means.There are certain diseases which can be treated in an effective manner by using licensed anti-integrin therapies that target integrins that are specific to immunity. They are used effectively in clinical settings to treat diseases in which inflammation plays a significant role in the progression of disease.As the inflammatory processes play a crucial role in the healing of wounds and anti-integrin therapies have been successful in reducing inflammation in other diseases, it is proposed that anti-integrin therapy will reduce inflammation and thus improve the formation of scars. Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced by macrophages, and by renal mesangial and tubular epithelial cells. It plays a crucial role in stimulating the release of interleukin (IL)-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and transforming growth factor- (TGF-). Blockage of TNF- is presently used in the treatment of several autoimmune inflammatory diseases after being researched widely in clinical laboratories. It was hypothesized that blocking TNF- with a monoclonal antibody would help in preventing inflammation and renal fibrosis in crescentic glomerulonephritis. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine whether blocking specific monocyte integrins reduces inflammation and improves scarring outcomes in a burn mouse model. We have developed a novel therapeutic monoclonal antibody named Scarless. In this study we will test the efficiency and mechanisms of Scarless to reduce monocyte migration into burns wound tissue. Ethical Considerations Laboratory animals should be provided with humane care and healthy conditions during their stay in the animal house of the laboratory or the institution.The rats used for the experiment should be provided proper food and diet and they should not be harmed or tortured in any manner. All the ethical principles should be followed by the researchers while conducting the experiment and the members of the ethical committee should keep a check on the procedures that are being followed. The facilities of housing the animals in the laboratory should meet or exceed current regulations and guidelines and should be inspected twice a year.There should be experienced psychologists , veterinary doctors and their assistants should keep a check on the behavior of the animals who are taken into consideration for the experiment. They should keep a check and be aware of the differences between unusual behaviors and the normal.They should assess them in a proper manner and provide treatment of health pro blems if required. Experimental controls Two groups of rats are taken for the study and one of them acts as the control to compare the results at the end of the experiment. Equipment required Materials of Immuno histochemistry such as slides, paraffin sections and stains Methodology Antibody blockade of TNF-a reduces inflammation and scarring .Male rats of weight between 200 to 250 grams and age between 6-8 weeks should be taken .They should be provided proper diet and water (Schulz et al.2015)A blocking IgG2a monoclonal antibody to rat TNFa (C432) should be used in the experiment. Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorosence technique is to be used in the procedure. The monoclonal antibodies that are specific for rat monocytes or macrophages should used while conducting the experiment. Nephrotoxic nephritis was induced in rats by intravenous injection of rabbit antirat glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephrotoxic serum (NTS). Anti-TNF- monoclonal antibody or saline was given by intraperitoneal means and three times per week in four protocols: experiment 1, days 0 to 7; experiment 2, days 0 to 14 and days 4 to 14; experiment 3, days 4 to 28; and experiment 4, days 14 to 28. Results In the experiment 1, rats that were treated from disease induction had less glomerular fibrinoid necrosis and fewer glomerular macrophages at day 7. In the experiment 2, rats treated from day 0 or day 4 showed an improvement in the renal function, as observed by serum creatinine, with a significant reduction in crescents.In experiment 3, anti-TNF- treatment reduced urine protein to creatinine ratio and urinary MCP-1 levels by a significant amount. Serum creatinine was preserved at both the days 14 and day 28. Tubulointerstitial inflammation, glomerular and tubulointerstitial scarring, and markers of fibrosis [-smooth muscle actin (-SMA) and type IV collagen] were less in treated rats at day 28 in a significant manner. In the experiment 4, serum creatinine was greater and tubulointerstitial scarring was lower in delayed-treated animals. Conclusion When the endogenous TNF- is neutralized it leads to a reduction in inflammation in the glomerulus, formation of crescent, and tubulointerstitial scarring, with preservation of renal function, in experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis. Blockade of TNF- is effective even when it is introduced at the time of maximum glomerular inflammation.After the study, it can be concluded that blocking TNF-a prevents inflammatory response in mouse model (Berghe et al.2014 ). References Berghe, T.V., Linkermann, A., Jouan-Lanhouet, S., Walczak, H. and Vandenabeele, P., 2014. Regulated necrosis: the expanding network of non-apoptotic cell death pathways.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology,15(2), p.135. Freeman, S.A., Goyette, J., Furuya, W., Woods, E.C., Bertozzi, C.R., Bergmeier, W., Hinz, B., Van Der Merwe, P.A., Das, R. and Grinstein, S., 2016. Integrins form an expanding diffusional barrier that coordinates phagocytosis.Cell,164(1), pp.128-140. Ley, K., Rivera-Nieves, J., Sandborn, W.J. and Shattil, S., 2016. Integrin-based therapeutics: biological basis, clinical use and new drugs.Nature reviews. Drug discovery,15(3), p.173. Mosli, M.H., Rivera-Nieves, J. and Feagan, B.G., 2014. T-cell trafficking and anti-adhesion strategies in inflammatory bowel disease: current and future prospects.Drugs,74(3), pp.297-311. Schulz, J.N., Zeltz, C., Srensen, I.W., Barczyk, M., Carracedo, S., Hallinger, R., Niehoff, A., Eckes, B. and Gullberg, D., 2015. Reduced granulation tissue and wound strength in the absence of 111 integrin.Journal of Investigative Dermatology,135(5), pp.1435-1444. Wynn, T.A., Chawla, A. and Pollard, J.W., 2013. Origins and Hallmarks of macrophages: development, homeostasis, and disease.Nature,496(7446), p.445.

Java Vs. C++ Essays - Cross-platform Software, Java Platform

Java vs. C++ subject = Freshman title = Java vs. C++ Since their inception, computers have played an increasingly important role in today's society. Advancements in technology have enabled computers to become faster and cheaper. Today, the majority of families own a home computer that is vastly more powerful than giant mainframes of years gone by. Computer hardware has been evolving rapidly with no end in sight, and with all of the advancements in computer hardware come advancements in computer software; gone are the days when FORTRAN and COBOL were the languages of choice. Today,vvv two hot new object oriented programming languages have entered the computer programming arena, Java and C++, this paper will examine the similarities and differences between these new languages. Both Java and C++ are object oriented programming languages, but what does that mean? Object oriented programming (OOP) emphasizes data, instead of algorithms for solving problems. Instead of trying to fit a problem to the procedural approach of a language, OOP attempts to fit the language to the problem, in other words, OOP is structured to produce an answer without changing the question. Object oriented programming involves two separate parts, class and objects. Class is a specification that describes a new data form, it is a template that defines how an object will look and behave.(Kaj 1996, 8) An object is that particular data structure constructed using the parameters defined by class.(Prata 1995, 5) The object oriented programming approach to program design is to first design classes that accurately represent those things with which the program deals. A drawing program, for example, might define classes to represent rectangles, lines, circles, brushes, pens, and the like. The class definitions, recall, include a descriptions of permissible options for each class, such as moving a circle or rotating a line.(Prata 1995, 5) The main advantages of OOP, besides being able to create more complex software, and develop answers without changing the questions, are numerous. OOP facilitates creating reusable code, which can save a lot of work. Information can be hidden to safeguard data from improper access. Polymorphism lets the programmer create multiple definitions for operators and functions, with the programming context determining which definition is used, also Inheritance lets the programmer derive new classes from older ones. When using OOP, the programmer can focus on representing concepts, instead of concentrating on tasks. (Prata 1995, 6) Java, although in many respects similar to C++, is actually just a more simplified version of the latter. Java has a C++ like syntax, but it is more purely object oriented, also, memory management, which can be a problem with C++, is no longer a factor with Java, due to the fact that Java incorporates a built in garbage collector, which makes it unnecessary to explicitly free allocated memory.(Kaj 1996, 1) Another difference is that Java, unlike C++, does not contain pointers.(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) (A pointer is a variable that tells a computer where data is placed.)(Prata 1995, 93) Java does not have an explicit pointer type, instead, it does passes all arrays (information entered into the program and stored in memory) and objects by reference,(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) meaning that the objects or arrays in question have been defined elsewhere in the program, and the programmer does not have to k eep pointing out wh ere that information is stored. Since Java does not contain pointers, struct and union (two C++ favorites) are not part of the language because they rely on pointers to function.(http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html) Java differs from C++ in other ways too, command line arguments that are passed to a Java application are different in number and type than those passed to a C or C++ program. For example, when someone starts a C++ program, the system passes two parameters to it: argc- the number of arguments in the command line, and argv- a pointer to an array of strings that contain the arguments. When a Java application is started, the system passes only one parameter, args- an array of Strings (not a pointer to an array) that contain arguments.http://www.ftc.nrcs.usda.gov/devtools/java/java/noMoreC/index.html Speaking of strings, (A string is a series of characters, much like a sentence.)(Prata 1995, 8), they are different in Java. In C++, strings are stored in arrays, in Java strings are treated as their own objects, and do